Uranus
The Sideways Planet
The Latest: The jokes, they write themselves. The science is pretty interesting, too. What the clouds of Uranus have in common with rotten eggs. The composition of Uranus' clouds had long been a mystery. In April 2017, a global research team found hydrogen sulfide, the odiferous gas that most people avoid, in Uranus’ cloud tops—a striking difference from the gas giant planets located closer to the Sun.
The first planet found with the aid of a telescope, Uranus was discovered in 1781 by astronomer William Herschel, although he originally thought it was either a comet or a star. It was two years later that the object was universally accepted as a new planet, in part because of observations by astronomer Johann Elert Bode. Herschel tried unsuccessfully to name his discovery Georgium Sidus after King George III. Instead the planet was named for Uranus, the Greek god of the sky, as suggested by Johann Bode. Expore Uranus ›
Ten Things to Know About Uranus
Ten Things to Know About Uranus
1
Huge
Uranus is about four times wider than Earth. If Earth were a large apple, Uranus would be the size of a basketball.
2
Seventh Wanderer
Uranus orbits our Sun, a star, and is the seventh planet from the Sun at a distance of about 1.8 billion miles (2.9 billion kilometers).
3
Short-ish Day, Longish Year
Uranus takes about 17 hours to rotate once (a Uranian day), and about 84 Earth years to complete an orbit of the Sun (a Uranian year).
4
Ice Giant
Uranus is an ice giant. Most of its mass is a hot, dense fluid of "icy" materials – water, methane and ammonia – above a small rocky core.
5
Gassy
Uranus has an atmosphere made mostly of molecular hydrogen and atomic helium, with a small amount of methane.
6
Many Moons
Uranus has 27 known moons, and they are named after characters from the works of William Shakespeare and Alexander Pope.
7
The Other Ringed World
Uranus has 13 known rings. The inner rings are narrow and dark and the outer rings are brightly colored.
8
A Bit Lonely
Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to fly by Uranus. No spacecraft has orbited this distant planet to study it at length and up close.
9
Lifeless
Uranus cannot support life as we know it.
10
One cool fact
Like Venus, Uranus rotates east to west. But Uranus is unique in that it rotates on its side.
Did You Know?
Uranus' unique sideways rotation makes for weird seasons. The planet's north pole experiences 21 years of nighttime in winter, 21 years of daytime in summer and 42 years of day and night in the spring and fall.
Pop Culture
Uranus is the "butt" of more than a few jokes and witty (and not so witty) puns, but it's also a frequent destination in various fictional stories, such as the video game Mass Effect and TV shows like Doctor Who. The radioactive element uranium was named after Uranus when it was discovered in 1789, just eight years after the planet was discovered.
Resources
Uranus Lithograph - 2013 (PDF, 896 KB)
NASA Planetary Photojournal - Uranus
National Space Science Data Center Photo Gallery - Uranus
Voyager 2 Science Summary for Uranus
