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The Red Planet
Mars is a cold desert world. It is half the diameter of Earth and has the same amount of dry land. Like Earth, Mars has seasons, polar ice caps, volcanoes, canyons and weather, but its atmosphere is too thin for liquid water to exist for long on the surface. There are signs of ancient floods on Mars, but evidence for water now exists mainly in icy soil and thin clouds.

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  About Mars Moons Facts & Figures Mars vs. ... Missions FAQ

Comparison: Mars vs. Earth

This chart shows the differences between Mars and Earth. To change the planets/moons being compared, change one or more of the form fields at the bottom and click Refresh.

Mars
Earth
Discovered By
Known by the Ancients
Known by the Ancients
Date of Discovery
Unknown
Unknown
Average Orbit Distance
227,943,824 km
149,598,262 km
Perihelion (closest)
206,655,215 km
147,098,291 km
Aphelion (farthest)
249,232,432 km
152,098,233 km
Equatorial Radius
3,389.5 km
6,371.00 km
Equatorial Circumference
21,296.9 km
40,030.2 km
Volume
163,115,609,799 km3
1,083,206,916,846 km3
Mass
641,693,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
5,972,190,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
Density
3.934 g/cm3
5.513 g/cm3
Surface Area
144,371,391 km2
510,064,472 km2
Equatorial Surface Gravity
3.71 m/s2
9.80665 m/s2
Escape Velocity
18,108 km/h
40,284 km/h
Rotation Period (Length of Day)
1.026 sidereal days
0.99726968 sidereal days
Orbit Period (Length of Year)
1.8808476 sidereal years
1.0000174 sidereal years
Mean Orbit Velocity
86,677 km/h
107,218 km/h
Orbit Eccentricity
0.0933941
0.01671123
Orbit Inclination to Ecliptic
1.85 degrees
0.00005 degrees
Equatorial Inclination to Orbit
25.2
23.4393 degrees
Orbit Circumference
1,429,085,052 km
939,887,974 km
Minimum/Maximum Surface Temperature
-87 to -5 °C
-88/58 (min/max) °C
Atmospheric Constituents
Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Argon
Nitrogen, Oxygen

 

New planets/moons to compare:

System of measurement:

Compare All Eight Planets

Comparison: Mars vs. Earth

This chart shows the differences between Mars and Earth. To change the planets/moons being compared, change one or more of the form fields at the bottom and click Refresh.

Mars
Earth
Discovered By
Known by the Ancients
Known by the Ancients
Date of Discovery
Unknown
Unknown
Average Orbit Distance
227,943,824 km
149,598,262 km
Perihelion (closest)
206,655,215 km
147,098,291 km
Aphelion (farthest)
249,232,432 km
152,098,233 km
Equatorial Radius
3,389.5 km
6,371.00 km
Equatorial Circumference
21,296.9 km
40,030.2 km
Volume
163,115,609,799 km3
1,083,206,916,846 km3
Mass
641,693,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
5,972,190,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
Density
3.934 g/cm3
5.513 g/cm3
Surface Area
144,371,391 km2
510,064,472 km2
Equatorial Surface Gravity
3.71 m/s2
9.80665 m/s2
Escape Velocity
18,108 km/h
40,284 km/h
Rotation Period (Length of Day)
1.026 sidereal days
0.99726968 sidereal days
Orbit Period (Length of Year)
1.8808476 sidereal years
1.0000174 sidereal years
Mean Orbit Velocity
86,677 km/h
107,218 km/h
Orbit Eccentricity
0.0933941
0.01671123
Orbit Inclination to Ecliptic
1.85 degrees
0.00005 degrees
Equatorial Inclination to Orbit
25.2
23.4393 degrees
Orbit Circumference
1,429,085,052 km
939,887,974 km
Minimum/Maximum Surface Temperature
-87 to -5 °C
-88/58 (min/max) °C
Atmospheric Constituents
Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Argon
Nitrogen, Oxygen

 

New planets/moons to compare:

System of measurement:

Compare All Eight Planets